KeyNote Session on “Bridging the gap by leapfrogging”: Cost effective molecular diagnostics to solve health disparity in cancer

Using molecular techniques for the care of patients or population has been proven to be very effective. However, infrastructure constraints and cost constraints have limited their utility in many parts of the world.  The utilization of molecular techniques to solve health disparity will be discussed in detail. Two cancers with the highest health care disparity between the western and eastern countries are cervical cancer and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

1. In cervical cancer, a simple Pap smear-based screening had systematically reduced disease incidence by more than 60% in the last 4 decades (NIH RePORT). More recently, HPV based molecular screening has been very effective in detecting high-risk population. However, cost constraints have limited their utility. We present data utilizing next-generation sequencing and a paper chip-based method (Rodriguez et al.) to show that low-cost screening methods can be easily implemented for effective population-based screening. 
2. Pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia is another disease with an outcome disparity; while 95% of pediatric B-ALL is curable in western countries, more than 80% of pediatric leukemia do not survive 5 years in eastern countries. The use of NGS based sequencing technologies have guided high-risk, low-risk subgroups and furthermore enabled precision medicine, dosage adjustments for appropriately triaging and treating patients with ALL.

Finally, treatment selection and modification of Ph+ ALL in adults using molecular techniques can lead to significantly better outcomes.

Rajan Dewar MD PhD

University of Michigan, USA

Rajan Dewar has completed his MD at Madras University, Ph.D. from IIT Bombay. After completing his graduate studies at UT Southwestern Medical center, he trained as a pathologist at Yale and his fellowships in Hematopathology & Molecular Pathology at Stanford University School of Medicine. Before moving to The University of Michigan as the director of the hematology laboratory, he was at Harvard Medical School for a decade, where he started his global health implementation research. He has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals and has been leading several social research and social entrepreneurial activities in the United States and India.

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Efficient and cost-effective cancer treatment model by using nuclear radiation

In 21st century, the major biological problem in a living organism is cancer. Lots of people die due to this disease because of no proper remediation and the cost of the medicine. So, we are proposing a minimum cost and efficient treatment model by the help of neutron radiation. In this model, we are covering energy, radiation, efficiency, cost and availability as our main aspects. The role of radiation in cancer treatment is the destruction and controlling the growth of cancer cells. Here, the major nuclear phenomenon utilized is neutron capture reaction followed by the release of gamma rays which is the main component for the destruction of cancer cells. 

To reduce the effect of neutron radiation we inject ‘Boron’ enriched in the form of boron-10 (B^10). This particular isotope of boron has got a very high neutron absorption cross-section leading to the excess neutron capture which may damage other non-harmful living cells of the living organism. Boron NeutronCollection (BNCT) Treatment is biochemical target radiotherapy based on atomic infections and decay reactions, which occurs when radioactive borides are irradiated with high linear term neutrons, element components. Natural boron, which transmits energy to alpha particles and returns lithium 7. Clinical significance of BNCT is mainly focused on high-level glioma treatment, recurrent head and neck cancer and primary or metastatic melanoma. The source of BNCT neutron is currently limited to a specially modified nuclear reactor, so the cost of material is high.so we are Proposing a Cost-Effective Cancer Treatment Model by Using Nuclear Radiation.

Radiationtherapy (also referred to as radiotherapy) is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. At low doses, radiation is used in x-rays. Radiation therapy doesn't kill cancer cells directly. Radiation therapy can be expensive. It uses complex machines and involves the services of many health care providers. Neutron medical care may be an extremely effective kind of actinotherapy. Long-term experience with treating cancer has shown that certain tumor types (pathologies) are very difficult to kill using conventional radiation therapy.

Oral presentation by Vishal Uttam Dhakane, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, India.

He has served as faculty of Chemical engineering in Reputed research institute VJTI and now he is the Teaching assistant of Chemistry in PDPU. He has published 3 papers in reputed journals

Check More about this session: Molecular Oncology

Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most typically diagnosed malignancy in men and has a particularly heterogeneous clinical behaviour. PCas are hormonally driven diseases in which sex hormone plays a central role. Microarray technology has recently accelerated the study of the molecular events concerned in Prostate Cancer, giving the prospect of additional precise prognosis and new therapeutic ways.  Prostate cancer represents one in 10 cases of cancer in men. Prostate tumours, though slower growing than most tumours varies widely in their aggressiveness. The molecular pathology of Prostate Cancer is complex; multiple genes concerned in its pathologic process, however extra environmental factors like diet and inflammation are concerned.

Though getting malignant neoplasm tissue is important for this genomic and molecular identification, knowing once to a diagnostic test, choosing the acceptable pathological process the lesion, and decoding the results are major challenges facing clinicians these days. Further, prostate tumours usually acquire molecular alterations with sickness progression and treatment resistance.

Risk factors

The exact cause of prostate cancer is unclear, but there are many possible risk factors.

• Age
• Geography
• Genetic factors
• Diet
• Medication
• Obesity

We want to stop prostate cancer from being a killer. We fund groundbreaking research, drive improvements in treatment, and fight injustice in care.

Regular screening can help detect prostate cancer while it is still treatable.

Tests for ProstateCancer

• Medical history and physical exam
• PSA blood test
• Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
• Prostate biopsy
• Gleason score or Grade Group

Imaging tests to look for prostate cancer spread

• The imaging tests for prostate cancer include:
• Bone scan
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Lymph node biopsy

Can Prostate Cancer Be Prevent?

The below things listed might possibly lower your risk of prostate cancer.

• Body weight, physical activity, and diet
• Vitamin, mineral, and other supplements
• Some Medicines ( 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, Aspirin)

After Treatment

• Ask your doctor for a survivorship care plan
• A suggested schedule for follow-up exams and tests
• Diet and physical activity suggestions
• Typical follow-up schedules after prostate cancer
• The prostate will Cancer can recur even a few years once the treatment, that is why it’s vital to stay regular doctor visits and reports any new symptoms.

For more on these topics, Check our Conference Session Molecular Pathology

J U L Y 15-16, 2019 | D U B A I, U A E

The Use of Rich Plasma (PRP) in Aesthetic and Regenerative Medicine

In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising biological treatment in aesthetic and Regenerative Medicine. The use of platelet-rich plasma is a relatively young but dynamically developing technique used in many fields of medicine such as orthopedics, dentistry, surgery or dermatology, improving results of wound therapy and in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer.

PRP is a high concentration of platelets isolated in platelet-containing plasma from red blood cells. PRP includes many bioactive proteins, including growth factors, peptides, and cytokines that stimulate healing of skin and soft tissues. Growth factors promote tissue regeneration and represent a vital part of tissue repair. Thrombocytes contain PMPs, which evoke direct antibacterial effects and stimulate white blood antimicrobial properties. Moreover, they have the ability to phagocyte small pathogens and internalize. In practice, PRP injection has already been used in the event of both problematic, poorly healing wounds and bone fractures and ineffectiveness of other therapeutic. Platelets, also called thrombocytes, develop from the bone marrow. The main function is to contribute to homeostasis through 3 processes: adhesion, activation, and aggregation. During a vascular lesion, platelets are activated, and their granules release factors that promote coagulation. Platelets were thought to have only hemostatic activity, although, in recent years, scientific research and technology has provided a new perspective on platelets and their functions.

For physicians and patients, acne scars are a distressing condition and always disturbs the patient mentally because of its appearance socially. There are many available modalities for its treatment. Some of the modalities are effective but they have long downtime and may have side effects in darker skin types too. Also, these modalities may not always be effective in all skin types. Platelet-rich plasma and autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy have been found to be safe and effective treatment modality for treatment of a wide variety of conditions in cosmetic dermatology.

PRP is being used as a new therapeutic option for different pathologies in the field of dermatology, such as trichology, wound healing, and cosmetic medicine. PRP treatment has shown itself as a bright future for a secure and economical cosmetic intervention. PRP could be used in medical treatment aimed at skin rejuvenation and mesotherapy of head’s skin in the case of alopecia. However, additional studies are required to measure our understanding of limitations and advantages in clinical phases related to the aesthetic use of PRP.

Human Body has exceptional ability to heal itself. PRP could be a tremendous innovation in  sort of regenerative medication that has been accustomed for rejuvenate skin, smooth fine lines and wrinkles. Comebacks are not at all easy. After any surgery, the tough half is to overcome the inner demons.

S E S S I O N on STEM CELL AND REGENERATION 👇

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Stem Cells Applications in Regenerative Medicine and Disease

Regenerative medicine is a rising branch of life science which deals with the restoration of tissues or organs in severe injuries. The indefinite self-renewal and potential to differentiate into different cells represent stem cells as frontiers of regenerative medicine. The transdifferentiating potential of stem cells varies with regenerative applications. Stem cells have a capability for self-renewal and capability of proliferation and differentiation to varied cell lineages. They'll be classified into embryonic stem cells (ESC) and non-embryonic stem cells (non-ESC). ESCs have a good potential however their use remains restricted due to moral and scientific concerns.

Stem cells are applied within the treatment of significant diseases for over fifty-five years. They're applied particularly to treat cancers, that need high-dose therapy. Stem cells have a vital role in Regenerative medication analysis and have several potential applications.

Stem cells are very important to the sphere of organic process biology. This methodology is already afoot within the cancer medical care world,  for the aim of testing anti-tumor and chemotherapeutical medication. Finally, and of most interest to patients and scientists Ҝis that the role stem cells can play in Cell-Based medical care. These therapies can be applied to cell development, differentiation, and maintenance to come up with new, healthy tissue for diseases needing transplant or replacement of broken tissue like inflammatory disease, encephalopathy, polygenic disorder, and coronary unwellness. Cell therapies in the future can be ready to replace organ donation and eliminate problems like rejection and tissue insufficiency.  over the approaching decades, scientists hope to still build discoveries that may alter the potentials of cell-based medical care to become a reality.

Stem cell research is the key to developing cures for degenerative conditions like Parkinson's and motor neuron diseases which many people suffer. Advancements can benefit everyone in the regenerative medicine space. We can harness its life-giving potential in future by working together. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, brain and spinal cord disorders, diabetes, cancer, at least 58 diseases could potentially be cured through stem cell research, diseases that touch every family in the world😮.

Session on: Stem Cell & Regeneration in Molecular Medicine Conference 2019 | July 15-16,2019 | Abu Dhabi, UAE.

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Precision Medicine: What it Mean for Your Health?

Precision Medicine is an approach that permits doctors to choose treatments by understanding the genetic cause of patient sickness. Precision medicine, sometimes called personalized medicine, is an approach for protecting the health and treating a disease that considers a person’s genes, behaviors, and environment. Precision drugs are most popular in areas of cancer analysis. Immunotherapy is a new approach that harnesses the power of our immune systems to identify and control diseases such as cancer. Using the genetic changes in the patient,  their treatment is understood.

Precision genetics provides a customized approach to testing, diagnosing, and treating cancer. Instead of employing a one-size-fits-all approach  here are some ways in which a precision drug approach will shield your health:

Predict susceptibility to disease

Improve disease detection

Pre-empt disease progression

Customize disease-prevention strategies

Prescribe more effective drugs

Avoid prescribing drugs with predictable side effects

The ancient follow usually misses its mark - every person’s genetic makeup is completely different from others,  which have a vital effect on health. Our understanding of genetics and the way they drive health, sickness and drug responses in everyone make doctors supply higher sickness interference, more correct diagnoses, safer drug prescriptions and simpler treatments for the numerous diseases and conditions that diminish our health. Tailoring health care to every person’s distinctive genetic makeup – that’s the promising plan behind Precision Drugs.

Benefits of Precision Medicine

Uses Family Health History

Screen for Diseases Before You Get Sick

Tailoring Prevention

Tailoring Treatments

Finding and Tracking Infectious Diseases

Eliminate trial-and-error inefficiencies that inflate health care prices and undermine patient care.

Throughout history, the follow of traditional medication has mostly been reactive. Even today, we tend to wait till the onset of diseases then attempts to treat or cure them. Our efforts to treat these major diseases like Cancer, Alzheimer’s and diabetes which are caused by Genetic and environmental factors are often imprecise, unpredictable and ineffective.

The drugs and treatments we devise are tested on broad populations and are prescribed using statistical averages. Consequently, they work for a few patients not for several others, due to genetic differences among the population. On average, any given medicinal drug currently on the market solely works for half people.

The Promise of Bio markers in Cancer detection

Recent developments, Current trends and Future directions

One of the vital factors for the survival of cancer is detection at an early stage. Clinical assays diagnose events of cancer and stop cancer progression. Biomarkers measure molecular signatures of a cell that aid in early cancer detection and risk assessment. Cancer biomarkers are DNA, mRNA, proteins, metabolites, or processes like cell death, growth or proliferation. The markers are made either by the neoplasm itself or by alternative tissues, in response to the presence of cancer or alternative associated conditions, like inflammation. Such biomarkers are often found in fluids, tissues and cell lines.

Biomarkers give a robust and dynamic approach to understanding the spectrum of malignancies.T he goals in cancer analysis in finding biomarkers may be used for the first detection of cancers, individual therapies, and to spot underlying processes concerned the sickness.

In spite of advances, cancer remains the second leading reason behind death. Successful cancer treatment depends not solely on therapies but also on improved strategies to find cancers at early stages. Current cancer diagnostic imaging strategies are labour-intensive and expensive, particularly for screening massive populations. So, there is increasing interest in molecular markers as tools for cancer detection and prognosis.

It is hoped that high-throughput technologies would revolutionize cancer therapies by rising cancer risk assessment, early detection, diagnosis, and prognosis.  Biomarkers embrace genes and genetic variations.  By analysing biomarkers, diagnostic tests can able to give info regarding early tumour development to find cancer at the treatable stage.

These biomarkers will be useful in managing patients with the following settings:

• Risk Assessment
• Screening/Detection
• Diagnosis
• Prognosis
• Prediction
• Monitoring

We are delighted to welcome all participants to enjoy a rich, varied and attractive scientific and cultural program. We cordially wish you benefit from pleasant interactions with colleagues and carry home good memories of the 4th International Conference on Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics at Abu Dhabi, UAE.